In order to setup your email account in Outlook 2010, go to:

Tools > Emails Accounts

Select Internet Email click Next to proceed

Check Manually configure server settings or additional server types

Fill in necessary fields replacing domain.com with your domain name and username@domain.com with the email account you have created in cPanel>> Email Accounts menu

Choose POP3 if you want to download emails to your computer (what is POP3 protocol)

or

Choose IMAP if you want them to stay on the server (what is IMAP protocol)

Make sure that My server requires authentication option is ticked in More Settings... menu

On the next window you will need to set email ports

Incoming ones:

In case you have chosen POP3 - 110 In case you have chosen IMAP - 143

Outgoing ones:

SMTP: 25 or 26

If you experience issues sending emails via port 25 (some Internet service providers may block this port), try 26 instead